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Unix is a computer operating system capable of managing several users’ activities at the same time. Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie of AT & T Bell Labs began developing Unix in 1969. This lesson will provide you with a solid foundation in Unix.

What exactly is Unix?

It is a group of applications that act as a bridge between the user and the computer.

You can think of an operating system, or “kernel,” as a group of computer programs that help you use your computer’s resources and make sure everything works together.

The shell is a piece of software that allows users to interface with the kernel. The shell is a command-line translator that translates instructions submitted by the user into a language that the kernel can understand.

• At Bell Labs in 1969, a group of AT & T workers named Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Douglas McIlroy, and Joe Ossanna created Unix.
• There are a variety of Unix variations on the market. Examples include Solaris Unix, AIX, HP Unix, and BSD. Linux is another Unix variant that is publicly accessible.
• Unix is a multitasking environment because it lets a person run a lot of different programs at the same time.

The following four fundamentals are the common thread that runs across all Unix versions.

1. Kernel The kernel is the operating system’s brain. Most of the time, things like memory management, job scheduling, and file management, are done with the help of the hardware.
2. The shell is the application that handles your requests. When you input a command into your terminal, the shell analyzes it and invokes the desired application. All commands in the shell follow the standard syntax. The most well-known shells are C Shell, Bourne Shell, and Korn Shell, which are included with most Unix variations.
3. Utilities and Commands There are a variety of commands and utilities that you can utilize in your daily tasks. Commands and tools include cp, mv, cat, and grep, to name a few. There are around 250 common commands, as well as a plethora of more available via third-party applications. All of the commands come with a variety of choices.
4. Directories and FilesOrganize all of Unix’s data into files.